Hells Canyon rafting trips, which the Snake River flows through, provides trips into the deepest river gorge in North America. It was formed over millions of years ago through a combination of geological processes, including volcanic activity, tectonic plate movements, and erosion.
The Snake River itself was named by the Shoshone tribe, who lived in the area. They called the river “Yin-suti-pa,” which means “coiled serpent” in reference to its winding course. Over time, early European-American settlers began referring to it as the “Snake River,” likely because of this description.
There are a few theories about how the naming of Hells Canyon came about. One of the more common explanations is that the name reflects the harsh, inaccessible nature of the canyon. Early travelers and settlers likely found the steep, rocky terrain and extreme temperature variations reminiscent of a ‘hellish’ landscape.
The Snake River Canyon unveils a remarkable ecological tapestry. It boasts a notable concentration of rare and endemic plant species, like Macfarlane’s four-o’clock, bartonberry, prickly pear, and vibrant wildflowers, setting it apart in the Pacific Northwest and western North America.
Within this area diverse wildlife thrives in various habitats creating one of the nation’s most diverse ecosystems. Elevation fluctuations, ranging from 1,500 feet along the Snake River and to 9,393 feet in Idaho’s Seven Devils Mountains, allow distinct plant communities to flourish side by side. These habitats, in turn, provide homes for a variety of wildlife families, totaling around 350 species that call this area home throughout the year.
The Snake River’s renown extends to its diverse fish population. A distinguished sport fishery, it is celebrated for sturgeon, salmon, steelhead, rainbow trout, and walleye. Of special note is Hells Canyon’s role as a sanctuary for immense white sturgeon, some reaching over 1,000 pounds.
The richness of the canyon’s biodiversity is not limited to flora and fish. A captivating array of wildlife flourishes here, including peregrine falcons, bald eagles, big horn sheep, mountain goats, chukar flocks, black bears, and mountain lions. This vibrant mix of species adds to the allure of the canyon, establishing it as a truly exceptional and multifaceted natural gem.
As we journey down the Snake River, we’ll pass through lands rich in history and culture. These territories belong to the Nimiipuu (Nez Perce), The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation: Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla, as well as the Palouse Tribes represented by the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation. Recognizing these communities is a way of honoring their legacy, their lives, and their descendants.
Acknowledging the Indigenous communities whose lands we visit is a crucial step in understanding our shared history and the ongoing challenges faced by these populations today. For more insight, visit our Territory Acknowledgement page. We encourage you to learn about the people whose land we’re privileged to explore by following the links above. Our Territory Acknowledgement is an evolving project. If you find missing information or acknowledgments, please share it with us. Together, we can ensure accuracy, inclusivity, and respect. Thank you.
